Abstract:

Falls are the second major cause of accidental death in both homes and public places in the United States. Slippery surfaces were by far the most common hazard cited in falls. This article looks at the design, materials and construction failures contributing to slipping on floors, falling on ramps and stairs. Examines the building codes and standards used in the United States in relation to slips and falls. The most appropriate measure of the slip resistant quality of walkway surfaces is the static anti-slip coefficient of friction. The accepted industry standard as adopted by Underwriter's Laboratories and the American Society Testing Materials is that a static anti-slip coefficient of friction of .50 or above is safe on a dry walkway surface. A reading below .50 indicates an unsafe walkway surface.