Abstract:

This paper reviews aspects of skeletal, muscular and neural dysfunction in the elderly which cause mobility problems commonly treated by physical therapy. These problems can produce significant limitations to activities of daily living especially when environmental hazards and/or medication -related impairment of orientation and balance also create tendencies to fall. Therapists need to make a thorough assessment of the elderly person with mobility difficulties because several body systems may be affected by the aging process. Research on the efficacy of physiotherapy programs for elderly fallers living in the community is limited, but it does appear that just a few home visits can produce improved locomotion skills. It is concluded that early intervention is important to prevent the cycle of inactivity, increasing dysfunction and dependence that occurs when there is a loss of confidence in ambulation.